Which type of interest is NOT valid against a BFP?

In the context of real estate transactions, a "BFP," or "Bona Fide Purchaser," is someone who buys property in good faith without knowledge of any other party's claim to the title. The concept of protecting BFPs primarily revolves around ensuring that they are not adversely affected by any prior interests in the property that were not properly recorded.

When considering the options presented, unrecorded easements and short leases can be subordinate to the rights of a BFP because such interests typically do not hold the same level of priority as those interests that are either properly recorded or of a nature that would reasonably alert a buyer to their existence. On the other hand, long leases with a tenant in possession can create a valid interest that a BFP should recognize because the tenant is currently using and occupying the property. This occupancy often provides constructive notice to the BFP, making it challenging for the BFP to claim a clear title without recognizing the leasehold interest.

Unrecorded mortgages represent a significant interest that can be valid against a BFP. This is because a mortgage implies a financial obligation attached to the property, and it holds substantial weight in determining claims against the property’s title. While mortgages are typically required to be recorded to protect the